Monday, June 22, 2009

Wii Motion Plus + Arduino = Love

Ok so I, after much research, have been able to read the gyro data of the new wii motion plus peripheral with the arduino microcontroller. With this code and the code previously developed for the wii nunchuck (here), we are able to create a 6 DOF IMU for under $40. Thanks Nintendo! Best of all, everything is I2C so only 2 analog inputs (A4 and A5 needed for the wire library) are needed to read 6 sensors and no ADC conversion happens on the arduino board.

Links and Thanks:
First off, I'm going to link(and thank) a few sites that have helped me immensely with this undertaking:
Arduino.cc
original nunchuck code
Wii brew WM+ info
Propeller forums

Hardware connections:
I used full 5V TTL signals and power and have had no problems thus far (a week going strong) but if you have a 3.3v arduino or a level converter and 3.3v regulator, i would suggest that over a 5v connection. Furthermore, twi.h under the wire library does not need to be changed for my setup but might under some setups. Start with the default 100khz TWI_FREQ and if that doesnt work, use 400khz. Websites disagree about which is the proper speed for direct I2C on wii peripherals. Connections to WM+ are same as nunchuck and look like this:
| 1 2 3 |
| |
| 6 5 4 |
|_-----_|

1 - green - data
2 - nothing
3 - red - 3.3+v
4 - yellow - clock
5 - nothing
6 - white - ground

So its pin 3 to 5v, 6 to ground, 1 to A4, and 4 to A5

Adapters such as the one sold here should (theoretically) work; I use jumper wires and hot glue

Software:

I have commented the demo code pretty well so it should be easy to follow, if not comment here or on Arduino.cc Forums->Exhibition

#include <Wire.h>
byte data[6]; //six data bytes
int yaw, pitch, roll; //three axes
int yaw0, pitch0, roll0; //calibration zeroes

void wmpOn(){
Wire.beginTransmission(0x53); //WM+ starts out deactivated at address 0x53
Wire.send(0xfe); //send 0x04 to address 0xFE to activate WM+
Wire.send(0x04);
Wire.endTransmission(); //WM+ jumps to address 0x52 and is now active
}

void wmpSendZero(){
Wire.beginTransmission(0x52); //now at address 0x52
Wire.send(0x00); //send zero to signal we want info
Wire.endTransmission();
}

void calibrateZeroes(){
for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
wmpSendZero();
Wire.requestFrom(0x52,6);
for (int i=0;i<6;i++){
data[i]=Wire.receive();
}
yaw0+=(((data[3]>>2)<<8)+data[0])/10; //average 10 readings
pitch0+=(((data[4]>>2)<<8)+data[1])/10;
roll0+=(((data[5]>>2)<<8)+data[2])/10;
}
Serial.print("Yaw0:");
Serial.print(yaw0);
Serial.print(" Pitch0:");
Serial.print(pitch0);
Serial.print(" Roll0:");
Serial.println(roll0);
}

void receiveData(){
wmpSendZero(); //send zero before each request (same as nunchuck)
Wire.requestFrom(0x52,6); //request the six bytes from the WM+
for (int i=0;i<6;i++){
data[i]=Wire.receive();
}
yaw=((data[3]>>2)<<8)+data[0]-yaw0;
pitch=((data[4]>>2)<<8)+data[1]-pitch0;
roll=((data[5]>>2)<<8)+data[2]-roll0;
}
//see http://wiibrew.org/wiki/Wiimote/Extension_Controllers#Wii_Motion_Plus
//for info on what each byte represents
void setup(){
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.println("WM+ tester");
Wire.begin();
wmpOn(); //turn WM+ on
calibrateZeroes(); //calibrate zeroes
delay(1000);
}

void loop(){
receiveData(); //receive data and calculate yaw pitch and roll
Serial.print("yaw:");//see diagram on randomhacksofboredom.blogspot.com
Serial.print(yaw); //for info on which axis is which
Serial.print(" pitch:");
Serial.print(pitch);
Serial.print(" roll:");
Serial.println(roll);
delay(100);
}



Orientation:

Sorry for the arrows being all in the negative direction. Picture was done quickly.

Image and video hosting by TinyPic

ENJOY!

423 comments:

  1. great! i will have a try later

    ReplyDelete
  2. Any snaps of your set up? Very impressive and cheap as chips! Good work knuckles

    ReplyDelete
  3. Great stuff! Soon the sky will be swarming with homebrew UAVs and the streets teeming with balancing robots thanks to Nintendo!

    ReplyDelete
  4. Thanks, I know where to turn for 6dof!

    ReplyDelete
  5. I'm confused, wouldn't this just give you 3 dof? Just rotation on 3 axes?

    ReplyDelete
  6. Since that it is using information from both the Nunchuck (using it's accelerometer) and the Wii Motion Plus (using it's gyroscope), it can detect acceleration as well as tilt (the tilt data is more accurate coming from the gyro than the accelerometer, especially during acceleration). You get 3 readings from each device (which is 6 readings).

    ReplyDelete
  7. Has anyone fried there arduino chip with this?
    I bought the Wii-Motion-Plus and cabled it up as the example states.. ran it just fine.
    Started to modify the code.. ie. was going to average the results for less bouncy-ness.. and I couldn't upload the code.. come to find out, the chip is dead.
    I beleive it is the microcode (ie arduino-firmware) that is messed up.
    Tried it on a second chip.. same thing happened.
    Tried it on a second hardware-board and third chip.. same thing happened.

    Really puzzled here.. and I hope someone else might clue me in..

    Thanks

    ReplyDelete
  8. I'm mainly after this to get a straight rotational sensor, not even the 3 full axes of data, but I've hit a stumbling block after just opening the case...

    My wiring to the Wii-extension port on the unit from the PCB, has 7 Wires. Not normally a big deal, but the colours do not even remotely match up to what's listed here, in terms of pin numbering.

    I don't have the connector here to reference, but has anyone else seen a different wiring layout used in their WiiM+?

    ReplyDelete
  9. I tried your code with the 2 transistors. Works great ! Now for the Kalman filter. I want to use this to replace the expensive IR sensors in the Ardupilot. I also have been making an autopilot with the Parallax Propeller micro.
    Hope to see the Kalman filter soon.
    Earl

    ReplyDelete
  10. @mad robot : Never ever fried a chip yet. Have experimented with several ardunio boards no problem. This code works great. No problem here.

    @k can we post pics of our projects that use the MP+ and Nun here ?

    ReplyDelete
  11. Mad_Robot here...
    I did re-flash the chips. they were hosed.
    The values I get from the sensor sometimes are low.. but most of the time are very large numbers.
    So, if I were to make a guess, the homemade PCB-wii-adapter that I made might not be thick enough and maybe they are getting errorneous values. Values that might be bigger than an 'Arduino int' (>32k).. and possibly overwriting memory? (Not sure how Arduino would handle it).

    So, I would ask (as I build a new PCB-wii-adapter) what is the average response range that people get from this code ie.(0-255)?

    Thanks for the feedback.

    MadR.

    ReplyDelete
  12. Does anyone know if the motion plus can cause trouble on the bus. I have hooked an i2C two axis accelerometer on the I2C bus and a wii motion plus, but it seems that i can't access the accelerometer (always reading zeros on accelerometer registers). I don't know if the trouble comes from the accelerometer or if the wii motion plus control the bus for every address ...

    ReplyDelete
  13. Hey,

    I couldn't find any info on getting the MotionPlus to work with the passthrough (for the Nunchuck and Classic Controller), so I hooked it up to my logic analyzer and RE'd it.

    Just wanted to let you know I updated my MotionPlus object for the Propeller (from the thread linked above) to work w/ the passthrough port: http://obex.parallax.com/objects/471/ . The code/comments should explain everything pretty well, so it should be easy to modify for the Arduino.

    It alternates MotionPlus and Extension data on every other read, and you lose the LSBit of each accelerometer axis in Nunchuck mode (and the LSBit of each axis on the left joystick in Classic Controller mode), and it moves a couple bits around. I assume this is so you can tell the difference between MP data and Ext data (MP ends in 10, Ext ends in 00).

    DogP

    ReplyDelete
  14. Muy bueno, genial.....muchas felicidades..
    Solo le falta kalman....un 10

    ......
    Very good, great ..... many congratulations ..
    Only lacks kalman

    ReplyDelete
  15. Hi, great work here.

    I've been able to interface with the nunchuck before but I can't get it to work with the M+. Can't even get the I2C start sequence to work.

    I don't have a proper oscilloscope but it seems my clock and data lines are always low. Usually when I connect the nunchuck the lines would go high, not the case of the M+ though. And there's nothing wrong with my M+, works great in Sports Resort.

    Any ideas?

    Dan

    ReplyDelete
  16. Oh nevermind. I figured it out. It seems the M+ needs external pull-up resistors on the clock and data lines whereas the nunchuck doesn't. I tried 1K and 4K7 resistors, both worked fine (100KHz, 3.3V).

    Dan

    ReplyDelete
  17. Hi,
    Can this be used as an accellerationtest of a car?

    ReplyDelete
  18. PLEASE HELP My WM+ worked ok til yesterday. when I came back from lunch it show random data on roll axis, I tried everything but nothing works. please note that I'm alone at home and nobody touched the wm+. at a certain point in my trials I obtained aonly yaw output and no roll and pitch. I'm desperate I just mounted on my rc airplane...and stopped working just by itself! He hate me :D

    ReplyDelete
  19. Thanks a lot for your work,

    I have ordered new Wii motionPlus from DealExtreme and they wonderfully came with IDG650 series. I wonder if your code would work with them. I suppose it has to.

    Check out my post here http://carancho.com/AeroQuad/forum/index.php?topic=218.0 for more info.


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    ReplyDelete
  20. Hi there, firstly thanks very much for your work on this - it's really great stuff.

    But I have a problem with my set up... it's probably a very silly mistake I'm making but I'm not getting any output in the serial monitor other than "wm+ tester". That is when the motion plus is plugged in but if I unplug it I get "yaw:0 pitch:0 roll:0" etc

    I have used one of the nunchucky adapters so don't think my wiring is at fault and have tried changing the frequency in twi.h but still no luck. Any ideas? I only need pitch/yaw values so don't need to connect a nunchuck. Any help would be REALLY appreciated!

    ReplyDelete
  21. ^^ I'm having the same problem, all I get is 0's! However I don't unplug anything, when I boot up it just gives me 0's for values. I've tried changing wires, frequencies, pull up resistors, pull down resistors...

    Where did you buy your WMP? I ordered mine from eBay and there is a slightly different board, I wonder if this is affecting my results?

    ReplyDelete
  22. To be honest Jeff, I borrowed the WM+ from a friend so not sure exactly where it was bought. Most likely from a high street store though. Did you find a solution to your problem yet? I've even started to look at using the playstation 3 controller but that isn't going any better...

    ReplyDelete
  23. Is it possible to remove the pass through port and use it as an adapter without affecting the wiimotion plus?

    ReplyDelete
  24. Thank you very much

    But how can I get the absolute value in degrees?

    Peter

    ReplyDelete
  25. Hi fantastic stuff here,
    Can anyone help me out with the upper and lower limits output from the gyro's?

    Thanks a lot

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  31. Very informative and probably ground breaking at the time/ Wii just doesn't rattle the walls anymore!

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  33. Nice tutorial.

    I already tried this, and its work best. Hope you post more like this.

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  34. nice way to discover new thing about this console

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  35. Thanks for the info on the DX forum about the wm+ and the gyro :-)

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